essick



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. S. V. ESSIGK.

TELEGRAPHIG TRANSMITTER.

N0. 250,188. Patented Nov. 29,1881.

fizee@ ,1) Even/? M'QMW@ J/Mme 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

. S. V. ESSICK.

TBLEGRAPHTG TRANSMITTER.

Patented Nov. 29,1881.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3.

S. V. ESSIGK.

l TELBGRAPHIG TRANSMITTER. i No. 250,138. Patented Nov. 29,1881.

N, PETERs Pimm-Liuwgmvlmr. wnshmgm. D. c.

UNITED STATES EErcE.

ATENT SAMUEL V. ESS]OK,OF ALLTANOE, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO AMOS W. OOATES, OF SAME PLAGE.

TELEGRAPHIC TRANSMITTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,138, dated November 29, 1881.

Application filed July 26, 188] (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL V. EssIoK, of Alliance, county of Stark, State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Telegraphs, ot' which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making partof this specication, in which- Figure lis aperspectivc vie-n of my improved Io telegraphin g apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view, and Fig. 3 a vertical longitudinal section, through the same. Fig. et is a vertical section through the alphabet-cylinder, showing one of the sliding tappets in position to be operated thereby; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the sliding tappets.

My invention relates to a novel mechanism for automatically forming the dots and dashes of what is known as the Morse system ot'tel- 2o egraphing, or any analogous thereto, through keys conforming in number to the number of letters, and other characters employed in said system for designating the different letters of thealphabet,numerals,&c., anditconsistsin the 2 5 employment of a cylinder, or equivalent device,

provided on its face with a series of ribs, raised surfaces, or projections, with intervening depressions arranged in circles on the cylinder,

the raised surfaces in any one of the series of 3o broken rings or circles conforming to the dots and dashes of a letter or character of the alphabet, said cylinder bein g operated by clock mechanism or any convenient or suitable power, and

acting through suitable tappets, levers, Sac., as

3 5 hereinafter described, to close and break the line-wire circuit.

In the accompanying drawings, A A A2, &c., represent a frame-work of metal, A representing the base, and A'l A2, &c., uprights and arms forming suitable supports for the mechanism, and serving as conductors, arranged within the circuit of the line-wire of the telegraph, as follows: One of the inclined arms, A2, has a binding-post, a, attached to it, through which 4 5 connection maybemade with the battery orbattery and ground wire, and upon the outer ends of the arms A2 is secured a transverse bar, A2, suitable insulators (indicated at b) being inter posed between said bar and the arm A2, so as 5o to break the connection between them. The

bar A3 has a binding-post1 a', to which the linewire is to be attached.

In suitable bearings in the frame-posts, at o, is mounted a shaft carrying acylinder, D, which is provided on its surface with a series of bro- 55 ken rings, ribs, or raised surfaces, the number in said series corresponding to the number of characters contained, say, in what is known as the Morse7 alphabet, or any equivalent thereof, representing the different letters, nu- 6o merals, &c., the projections in each of said series of rings or ribs conforming to the dots and dashes employed in representing said letters, one for each letter, &c. Thus each ring or broken peripherical rib on the cylinder is composed of a series of short projections, d, or long ones, d', or of a combination of the two, conforming to the dots and dashes of the letters or other characters represented, the short rises representing the dots, and the long ones the 7o dashes of the letter, the recesses between the projections forming the spaces between the dots and dashes.

Upon one end of this cylinder, or upon the shaft carrying it, is secured a gear-wheel, D', 75 through which a rotary motion is imparted to it, whenever the cylinder is tripped or left free to rotate, by means of any suitable mechanism-such, for example, as an ordinary clock mechanism actuated by spring or weight, or by 8o any suitable or convenient power.

The cylinder D is provided with a locking spur or cam at cl2, near one end, or one at each end, if desired, which engages with a spur or shoulder at e', on an arm or lever, E, for lock- 8 5 ing the cylinder against the action of its driving mechanism and preventing its rotation. The arm or lever E is made in loop or bail form, a the arms e e of which, at their forward ends, are pivoted to the frame-bars A2 at f f, as 9a shown, and passing thence underneath the cylinder, are connected at their rear ends by the transverse portion of the bail, arranged in rear of the cylinder and parallel with the shaft thereof. The arms of said bail may either be made springs to uphold the bail for causing it to engage the cylinder, in which case the forward ends of said arms will be readily connected with the frame, or they may be pivoted, as stated, and a spring or springs of any suita-l roo ble form applied for upholding them in e'ngagement with the cylinder.

Upon a transverse rod, g, secured in arms A4 ot' the frame-bars A2, is pivoted a number of longitudinal bars, 7L l1., corresponding in number to the number ot letters or sectional ribs on the cylinder D, said bars extending back over the cylinder and terminating at their rear free ends underneath the bar A3, and upon the bars 7L are arranged sliding tappets h', adapted to be moved longitudinally on the bars 7L, for bringing a pendent spur, t', thereon into position to be acted upon by the broken ribs or projections on the cylinder D, and thereby to raise the respective bars with which they are connected into contact with the binding-post bar A3, and'thns close the circuit.

The tappets h are moved into position to be acted upon by the cylinder by means of L- shaped levers J, there being one oi' said levers for each tappet. These levers consist of a longitudinal arm or bar extending from the f'orward end of the machine-frame to near the rear end thereof, being pivoted at their rear ends on a transverse rod or shaft at k, and ot' a vertical arm, J, rising above said pivot to the plane, or nearly so, ot' the bars h, said vertical arms being provided at their upper ends with short forwardly-projectin g arms j, which rest in contact with the rear face of the sliding tappet-blocks h.

The forward ends of the levers J have vertical rodsl pivoted to them, said rods passing up through aperforated guide or key-board, (indicated at M,) and are provided at their upper ends with knobs or keys L, which may be lettered, numbered, Ste., to correspond with the respective sectional ribs on the cylinder representing the different letters, characters,

Sto., of the Morse alphabet. It will be seen that by pressing down on these knobs or keys the spurs or armsj on the upper ends of the arms J will be thrown forward, and thus made to move the sliding tappet-block into position to be acted upon by the rises or projections on the cylinder, where it remains until thecylin der has made one revolution. The arms J are each provided with a forwardly-projectin g spur, j', which overhangs the transverse bar of the tripping bail or lever E. Said spur is provided with an inclined or cam-sh aped lower face, and by preference the upper face of the bail E is also correspondingly inclined, the one resting upon and in contact with the other, so that as the arm J is vibrated to move the tappet into position to be acted upon the spur j wedges the bail downward, throwing the spur or shoulder thereon out ot` engagement with the cylinder, and permitting the latter to rotate.

For throwing the tappets out of action the cylinder is provided with a series of spurs, n, on its periphery, intermediate between the circles of risers indicating the dots and dashes referred to.

Each sliding tappetblock is provided on one side with two pins, p p', and the lower end ot a pendent lever, Q, rests between these pins. The levers Q are pivoted upon a transverse rod g, and, extending above said pivot, have their upper ends connected at q with pendent levers R, also pivoted to a transverse rod, r, and pendent therefrom. These pendent levers R are slightlycurved, as shown, so as to pass down in rear of the pivotal rod q, from which point they curve slightly forward, their lower ends resting upon the cylinder D, or in close proximity thereto, between the sectional rings or ribs representing the letters, so that said ends will be struck and moved forward by the spur n just as the cylinder is completing its revolution. The arrangement is such that as the pendent lever R is vibrated forward it carries forward with it the upper end of lever Q, causing the lower end of said lever, and with it the tappet-slide, and the upper end` of arm J of the lever J, to be moved back,` throwing the tappet back out of working relation to cylinder D. When the cylinder has completed its full revolution it is stopped by means ofthe bail E, the pawls or shoulders on the latter rising into engagement with and locking said cylinder against further rotation until it is again tripped or released by the depression ot' one ot' the keys L, as explained.

By the arrangement of mechanism described it will be seen that the sending of a message is made purely mechanical, it being apparentl that it is necessary only that the operator shall be familiar with the keys upon which the different letters and characters represented may be plainly indicated, in order to transmit a message with a rapidity limited only by his skill in manipulating the keys, as the cylinder may be made very light and adapted to rotate with any desired velocity'. The message may, of course, be received in any usual or preferred manner, the action 0f the receiving-instrument being precisely the same as where the dots and dashes,77 so called, are formed by hand in the ordinary manner, while only one movementof a key being required to form any one letter or other character employed instead of several, as when made by the finger ol' the operator, the rapidity with which a message can be sent will be correspondingly increased.

It will be apparent that the construction of the apparatus or machine in the form and arrangement of its parts may be varied without departing from my invention, and I therefore do not wish to be confined to the specic form and arrangement of parts shown in describing how the invention can be carried out in practice.

Having now described my invention, I claiml. In an automatic telegraph, a cylinder, and

IOO

IOS

IIO

means for rotating the same, said cylinder hav- 4 levers to the cylinder, as described, and keys to actuate said levers, whereby the cylinderis tripped and permitted to revolve at the same time that the tappet-block selected is thrown into position to be actuated by the cylinder, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in an automatic telegraph, of a cylinder provided with a series of broken annular ribs or raised surfaces, corresponding to the letters of the Morse alphabet, or analogousV thereto, adapted to act as cams, a series of levers, one for each letter and operated thereby, a series of tappet-blocks ad justable on said levers, and means for throwing said blocks into and out of operation, substantially as described.

3. In an automatic telegraph, a cylinder and devices to rotate the same, said cylinder being provided with raised cams, in combinationavith tappet-bars for closing the circuit, means,sub stantially as described, for automatically arresting and holding` said cylinder at the end of each revolution, and tripping devices, as described, whereby said cylinder is released from said holding devices and any one of the tappetbars thrown into action simultaneously therewith, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an automatic telegraph, a cylinder, and means for rotating the same, said cylinder being provided with raised surfaces, in combination with the tappets andl tappet-bars for closing the circuit, means, substantially as de scribed, for automatically and simultaneously throwing' said levers and tappets out ot' action, and means for arresting the rotation of the cylinder, substantially as described.

5. The cylinder provided with raised surfaces corresponding to the dots and dashes of the Morse alphabet, or its equivalent, and with tripping-spurs, in combination with levers for throwing the movable tappets out of action upon the completion of a letter, or at the end of each revolution of the cylinder, substantially as described.

6. The combination, in an automatic telegraph, of the cylinder, with its raised surfaces, in the form of the dots and dashes ofthe Morse alphabet, or its equivalent, the tappet-bars acted upon thereby for closing thecircuit, keys and mechanism for tripping the cylinder and throwing the tappets into action, mechanism for actuating the cylinder, and mechanism for stopping the cylinder upon the completion of each letter, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand this 19th day ot' July, A. D. 1881.

SAMUEL V. ESSICK.

Witnesses:

J ORN G. TAYLOR, J. M. HARRISON. 

